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Virus cells of the adenovirus family Royalty Free Stock Photo

Many viruses, including those that cause common colds, flu, and hepatitis, have icosahedral capsids. These capsids are protein shells that enclose and protect the viral genome. The icosahedral shape is advantageous for viruses because it allows them to pack a large amount of genetic material into a small space while maintaining structural stability. Additionally, the symmetrical arrangement of the capsid proteins aids in the efficiency of viral assembly and replication. In viruses with an icosahedral structure, the capsid is composed of repeating subunits called capsomeres, which are arranged in a geometrically precise manner to form the characteristic icosahedral shape. This structure provides viruses with both strength and efficiency, allowing them to infect host cells and replicate effectively.